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Chromatography
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Chromatography


Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS)


GC/MS equipment links the capabilities of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to separate and then identify different substances within a sample. Applications of GC/MS include identification of unknown samples. Quantitative analysis to part-per-billion (ppb) levels can be accomplished.

GC/MS can identify trace components in complex mixtures. The analytical techniques, used together, can provide a more definitive substance identification and quantification than either the gas chromatography or mass spectrometry method used separately.

Analysis of volatile or semi-volatile compounds can be achieved using headspace techniques or extraction and liquid injection techniques.

Applications:


  • Residual solvent and residual monomer content.
  • Identifying contaminants and impurities.
  • Impurity analysis.
  • Extractables and leechables analysis.
  • Polymer additives analysis.
  • Deformulation of plastic and rubber compounds, coatings, adhesives, sealants, personal care products and other polymer products.

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Above: GC/MS calibration curve for the DNPH derivative of formaldehyde.




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Formaldehyde Emission

Emission levels of formaldehyde and other aldehydes from polymeric materials are measured by sealing the material in a closed glass container, which is continuously purged with nitrogen gas. The nitrogen gas stream then flows through a cartridge containing silica beads that are coated with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH).

The aldehydes are retained on the cartridge and reacted to form their DNPH derivatives, which are subsequently eluted and then determined using either HPLC or GC/MS. The GC/MS method provides the advantage of enhanced specificity compared to the more widely used HPLC method.


Anti-Degradants in Tires

Various chemical additives are used in passenger tires to ensure performance and stability over the lifetime of the tire. These include aromatic amine antioxidants, paraffin wax, and trimethyl-dihydroquinoline (TMQ).

Rubber samples obtained from used passenger tires were subjected to solvent extraction followed by GC/MS and HPLC analysis to determine the types and quantities of anti-degradants present.